Electricity is silent, invisible, and potentially fatal. Due to improper handling with electrical items, many cases have been observed inside the refinery and resulted in accident/incident, so it deserves the utmost respect.
The most common and serious electrical injuries occur when electrical current flows( form of electron) through the human body. This happens when a person touches an energized line/part. The electrical energy is looking for the shortest path to the ground, and it will pass through the body to the feet to reach it.When this occurs, a person’s heart and lungs are frequently damaged by the electrical energy.
Basic Do’s & Don’ts when working with electricity.
Do’s:
o Visual checks of plugs, sockets and cables prior to use – if any damage is identified then remove
from service and report immediately.
o Ensure if any cable joins are required then utilize proper connector blocks, not just insulating
tape.
o Visual check of electrical equipment that is to be used
o Ensure the inner insulation of cables should never be visible – the outer insulation should extend
into plugs and equipment and fully utilize cable grips.
o Ensure LOCK-OUT TAG-OUT If required to work on electrical equipment
o Verify equipment is isolated using electrical tester before starting work
Don’t:
o Use naked wires in sockets
o Touch any electrical equipment if not trained or authorized to do so.
o Don’t use electric current distribution panels without protected and metal part without earthing.
o Overload electrical sockets – one plug per socket!
o Don’t wear any rings, watches or other materials which could conduct electricity while working on
or in electrical cabinets/distribution boards.
o Don’t use electrical circuits without ELCB of 30 mA rating.
o Use water on electrical Fire
Never ever take electricity for granted, and never assume a circuit is dead.
Types of electrical hazards
primary hazards
electric shock
electric burns
(i) Joules burns
(ii) Fire and explosions
Causes of electric shock & fires
Persons coming into contact with live conductors
Accidental contact with energy part of equipment
Insulation failure
Equipment failure
Poor maintenance
Wrong work methods ( overloading, make shift wiring etc)
Substandard materials & workmanship
Un-authorised personnel
Lack of training & knowledge
Short circuit
Spark from loose contacts
Mechanical damages
Loose connections
Heating of conductors, coils & equipments
Combustible materials near by
Incorrect fuses
Wrongly set protective devices
Spark near flammable liquids, gases & vapours
Control methods
Approved methods and procedures
Segregation of electrical equipments and flame proof equipments
Use of instrinsically safe circuits such as hand lamps / low voltage & small motors to driving
instruments
Adopting standard codes of practice and use of equipments
Allowing only competent persons to work in the electrical system
Burns
Contact burns
Coming in contact with live conductor
Accidental contact with energised metallic part
Flash / arc burns
Arc burns received from flash over (while working with hv)
Switchgears
Panels
Transformer installations
Short circuit arching
Burning of minerals
Methods of protection
Following indian electricity rules & work procedures
Licensed and authorised persons for electrical works
Approval from electrical inspectorate before installation energised
Periodical maintenance of installation and equipments
Proper replacement of damaged cables and equipments
Low voltage
Earthing
Double insulation
Current sensitive - tripping devices
Marking & warning
Observance of ie rules and regulations
Use of personal protective equipments
Training & education
First aid & fire fighting
How to protect / methods of protection against electrical accidents / injuries
Proper o/l protection
Proper o/l setting
Flame proof motors
Regular / periodical inspection
Regular maintenance
Maintenance of earth pits
Lightning protection
Earthing
Earthing means the conductor connection provided between any equipment / apparatus / service
lines to the earth electrode with an extremely low electrical resistance. The earth electrode is a
conductor of gi/ci pipe plate/rod buried underground surrounded by general mass of earth.
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The most common and serious electrical injuries occur when electrical current flows( form of electron) through the human body. This happens when a person touches an energized line/part. The electrical energy is looking for the shortest path to the ground, and it will pass through the body to the feet to reach it.When this occurs, a person’s heart and lungs are frequently damaged by the electrical energy.
Basic Do’s & Don’ts when working with electricity.
Do’s:
o Visual checks of plugs, sockets and cables prior to use – if any damage is identified then remove
from service and report immediately.
o Ensure if any cable joins are required then utilize proper connector blocks, not just insulating
tape.
o Visual check of electrical equipment that is to be used
o Ensure the inner insulation of cables should never be visible – the outer insulation should extend
into plugs and equipment and fully utilize cable grips.
o Ensure LOCK-OUT TAG-OUT If required to work on electrical equipment
o Verify equipment is isolated using electrical tester before starting work
Don’t:
o Use naked wires in sockets
o Touch any electrical equipment if not trained or authorized to do so.
o Don’t use electric current distribution panels without protected and metal part without earthing.
o Overload electrical sockets – one plug per socket!
o Don’t wear any rings, watches or other materials which could conduct electricity while working on
or in electrical cabinets/distribution boards.
o Don’t use electrical circuits without ELCB of 30 mA rating.
o Use water on electrical Fire
Never ever take electricity for granted, and never assume a circuit is dead.
Types of electrical hazards
primary hazards
electric shock
electric burns
(i) Joules burns
(ii) Fire and explosions
Causes of electric shock & fires
Persons coming into contact with live conductors
Accidental contact with energy part of equipment
Insulation failure
Equipment failure
Poor maintenance
Wrong work methods ( overloading, make shift wiring etc)
Substandard materials & workmanship
Un-authorised personnel
Lack of training & knowledge
Short circuit
Spark from loose contacts
Mechanical damages
Loose connections
Heating of conductors, coils & equipments
Combustible materials near by
Incorrect fuses
Wrongly set protective devices
Spark near flammable liquids, gases & vapours
Control methods
Approved methods and procedures
Segregation of electrical equipments and flame proof equipments
Use of instrinsically safe circuits such as hand lamps / low voltage & small motors to driving
instruments
Adopting standard codes of practice and use of equipments
Allowing only competent persons to work in the electrical system
Burns
Contact burns
Coming in contact with live conductor
Accidental contact with energised metallic part
Flash / arc burns
Arc burns received from flash over (while working with hv)
Switchgears
Panels
Transformer installations
Short circuit arching
Burning of minerals
Methods of protection
Following indian electricity rules & work procedures
Licensed and authorised persons for electrical works
Approval from electrical inspectorate before installation energised
Periodical maintenance of installation and equipments
Proper replacement of damaged cables and equipments
Low voltage
Earthing
Double insulation
Current sensitive - tripping devices
Marking & warning
Observance of ie rules and regulations
Use of personal protective equipments
Training & education
First aid & fire fighting
How to protect / methods of protection against electrical accidents / injuries
Proper o/l protection
Proper o/l setting
Flame proof motors
Regular / periodical inspection
Regular maintenance
Maintenance of earth pits
Lightning protection
Earthing
Earthing means the conductor connection provided between any equipment / apparatus / service
lines to the earth electrode with an extremely low electrical resistance. The earth electrode is a
conductor of gi/ci pipe plate/rod buried underground surrounded by general mass of earth.
Share this LFI
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